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鸟击事件严重威胁航空安全，精准鉴定肇事鸟类物种是制定有效防控措施的关键。DNA条形码技术通过分析特定基因序列实现物种快速、准确鉴别，能够克服传统形态学鉴定的局限性。鸟类mtDNA具有母系遗传、进化速率快等特点，其中，COI、Cyt b、12SrRNA和16SrRNA基因是常用分子标记。DNA条形码技术可精准区分形态相似物种、特殊生理状态个体及雏鸟、羽毛和血迹等残缺样本，在机场鸟击鉴定中优势显著。目前，基于DNA条形码技术的鸟击物种鉴定已被广泛应用，为鸟击溯源和防控提供了科学依据。随着测序技术发展和数据库完善，该技术将在准确性、效率及适用范围上进一步提升，为航空安全管理提供更大助力。
Abstract：Bird strike incident is a serious threat to aviation safety,and accurate identification of bird species is the key to formulate effective prevention and control measures.DNA barcoding technology enables rapid and accurate species identification by analyzing specific gene sequences,overcoming the limitations of traditional morphological identification.Bird mitochondrial DNA(mtDNA)is characterized by maternal inheritance and fast evolutionary rate,among which COI,Cyt b,12 SrRNA and 16 SrRNA genes are commonly used as molecular markers.This technology can accurately distinguish species with similar morphology,individuals with special physiological states,and incomplete samples such as chicks,feathers and blood stain,has significant advantages in the identification of airport bird strike.At present,bird strike species identification based on DNA barcoding has been widely used to provide scientific basis for the traceability and prevention of bird strike.With the development of sequencing technology and the improvement of database,the technology will further improve the accuracy,efficiency and scope of application,and provide more help for aviation safety management.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.13486/j.issn.2097-4973.2026.02.004
中图分类号:V328
引用信息:
[1]邵燕,王君,尚帅,等.基于DNA条形码技术的机场鸟击物种鉴定研究进展[J].山东航空学院学报,2026,43(02):27-37.DOI:10.13486/j.issn.2097-4973.2026.02.004.
基金信息:
2024年山东省研究生教育教学资源建设项目（机场生态学）
2026-04-15
2026-04-15